Wednesday, December 25, 2019

Critical Review of the Blind Side Movie - 1461 Words

A Critical Review of The Blind Side â€Å"A person’s self-concept is shaped by his/her communication with significant others.† Self-concept is how a person has the knowledge of oneself. According to the Social Issues Reference(n.d.), self concept is the accumulation of the knowledge about the self, such as beliefs regarding personality traits, physical characteristics, abilities, values, goals and roles. Self-concept is knowledge about how someone define themselves, either the similarity or the difference from others. It is a concept of how someone reflect themselves. Communication is one of the requirements in a life. Human are social creature, they are depend on each other helps. Human communicate to fulfill their social needs.†¦show more content†¦Berger (1987) stated that empathy is ‘The capacity to know emotionally what another is experiencing from within the frame of reference of that other person, the capacity to sample the feelings of another or t o put ones self in anothers shoes’. Based on the test that Michael been through, it found that he has great protective instinct stand out from all instinct that resulted unpleasant. That can shows when he always trying to Leigh Anne and the Tuohy’s, when he block the airbag from SJ at the time accident happen. The protective instinct might shaped by his usual to protect his real mother that has a medical problem. As he took away from his mother, he being around moved from foster homes to another foster homes. He always had the instinct to protect his mother. Another factor considered might be because he is all around everywhere homelessly, he always trying to protect himself. This self concept shaped by life background of Michael. As Michael always trying to protect people around him, can be seen by what he always saying â€Å"I have your back† means that he always shelters people surrounds him. By realized that Michael has a great instinct, Leigh Anne dig deepl y about himself and helps Michael to improve his potential to play the sport that is relating to the self defense. In the football match, Michael starts to play well and know the rules, but one of the personnel of opposite team keep teasing him and makes him less self esteem. He lossesShow MoreRelatedThe Blind Side1521 Words   |  7 Pagesholding the hand of an oversized football player leading him onto the field, the movie â€Å"The Blind Side† made skeptics of moviegoers. Challenged by most energy-packed movies that hit the screens in 2009, the movie at hind sight did not do much visual stimulation. However, being a movie that faithfully represents the real life experience of famed football star Michael Oher, it did not fail to raise a lot of eyebrows from both movie fans and critics. The fact that it is a success story of an African AmericanRead MorePoverty, Neglect, and Trauma from Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)2104 Words   |  9 Pageshelps the child grow indep endently into an adult. Failure in this child-parent relationship in the form of long term neglect or trauma can have consequences in a child’s development physically and psychologically. The parent-child relationship is critical to the physical and brain development of a child. In its most literal sense, ‘trauma’ means a piercing of the skin. This is a physical form of trauma. Indeed, child abuse and neglect can be physical. For example, beating a child can have negativeRead MoreHollywood: Promoting Stereotypes to Make Easy Money Essay1845 Words   |  8 Pagesstores, and online movie distributors nationwide: heartwarming films such as The Blind Side; laughter inducing and children captivating classics like Aladdin; movies about overcoming struggles such as, Gattaca. All these new movies and classics alike hold a particular place in our hearts and in our lives. Maybe because of a similarity to our own lives or the main character embraces characteristics we hold dear. Whatever the reason, a contributing factor to the variety of movie produced in HollywoodRead MoreHow Do Airspeed Indicators And Altimeters Work?1704 Words   |  7 Pagesram air pressur e from the small hole in the front as it moves through the air. The ram air is directed to the diaphragm (like a balloon) inside of the airspeed indicator instrument. Next, the ram air has to be compared to the static air. On the side of the aircraft there is a small whole that collects static air. The air is delivered to the inside of the instrument case. Now the ram air is being compared to the air density the aircraft is at. Rods and levers then move the needle on the instrumentRead MoreCritical Review On The Movie Awakenings 1964 Words   |  8 PagesCritical Review Throughout the history of film-making, the most viewed and highest rated films have typically been in the Comedy, Adventure, or Action genres. Because of this, it is not surprising that films in other genres do not receive the same level of advertising, interest, and even viewing as those in these three categories. Nevertheless, these other films are often hold no less meaning to their viewers than the more popular ones. Penny Marshalls’ Awakenings is one such film. Released JanuaryRead MoreThe Impact Of Shakespeare s Character Representation1998 Words   |  8 Pages which is a big deal in itself, but not the biggest. A huge difference between his writing and all those before him, and most after, was that his writing was â€Å"not of an age, but for all time† (Wells 17). His statements about the mass public being blind to our society’s crumbling democracy in Julius Caesar are still being debated today. The inability of powerful leaders to forgive and forget un til â€Å"it is too late† was portrayed in the romance Romeo and Juliet before state diplomacy was even legitimatelyRead MoreWhy Teens Must Learn For Becoming Safe Drivers1978 Words   |  8 Pagesmanor. Most teenagers on the road do not have much experience on driving, especially in a stressful situation like trying to merge onto a busy roadway. In order to entice new drivers on practicing safe driving tactics, numerous written reports, peer reviews, and articles establishing the fact that teens are not simply prepared to drive we be discussed. Teens have been proven to get into more crashes than someone who is thirty or older. Since new innovations and technological advances happen every yearRead More Comparing the Innocent Criminal in Black Boy, Uncle Toms Children, Native Son, and Outsider3186 Words   |  13 Pagesquest for selfhood, a longing for stable and meaningful values, and an appetite for violence (Moss 596).   As Wright struggles to escape this oppressive society, he resorts to petty crimes: selling bootleg liquor to prostitutes, swindling tickets at a movie house, and stealing food from the commissary of a Negro college.   He cannot hold proper jobs (which are reserved for whites) and thus is unable to afford his voyage north; society gives him no choice but crime.   As Robert Bone writes, Wright insistsRead MoreTwelve Angry Men: Justice Is Served2907 Words   |  12 Pagesstairs after the supposed attack. The boy’s alibi also does not suggest his innocence as he can’t remember the name of the movie he admitted to have seen nor the actors starring in it. What seems to be an easy case for the jurors turns out to be a long, heated debate fueled by conformism, ageism, classism, and other forms of discrimination. Many may argue that this is a critical reason why the justice system doesn’t align to work for justice because members of a jury aren’t coached to distance themselvesRead MoreQuit Smoking Case Study Essay4989 Words   |  20 Pagesand (3) providing some psychological effects on mood and attention states. Nicotine replacement medications should not be viewed as stand-alone medications that make people stop smoking. Reassurance and guidance from health professionals can be critical to achieve and sustain abstinence. Six types of nicotine replacement products are on the market. These include nicotine transdermal patch systems; nicotine nasal spray; and nicotine delivery through the oral mucosa including gum, lozenge, sublingual

Tuesday, December 17, 2019

Essay on Mitigation Strategies and Solutions for Global...

Mitigation Strategies and Solutions for Global Warming By Julie Purvis June 13, 2010 SCI 275 Mitigation Strategies and Solutions for Global Warming page 2 Take a look at the world around us and think what it may look like in 20 years. Every day this environment is changing and not always for the better. Things we do in everyday life are destroying our environment. For instance, driving cars, using electricity from coal-fired powerplants, or heating our homes with oil or natural gas, all have devastating affects on our environment. One of those affects is global warming. There are people who dispute the effects of global warming, but scientist have proven that levels†¦show more content†¦CFCs are used in refrigerators and aerosols (n.d. Global Warming and the Greenhouse Effect). Cutting down our forests is another human activity that contributes to global warming. Trees could take in the carbon dioxide and convert it to oxygen. Carbon dioxide is the air that our body lets out when we breathe. With fewer trees, i t is harder for people to breathe because there is more CO2 in the air, and we don’t breathe CO2, we breathe oxygen. Plants collect the CO2 that we breathe out, and they give back oxygen that we breathe in. With fewer trees and other plants, such as algae, there is less air for us, and more greenhouse gases are sent into the air. This means that it is very important to protect our trees to stop the greenhouse effect, and also so we can breathe and live. We need to find ways to have a positive effect on global warming. The current sustainability strategies and solutions for global warming do not seem to be working. We know what the problems are and what causes global warming, but we have not Mitigation Strategies and Solutions for Global Warming page 4 done very much to protect our environment. We need to make sure that the policies and procedures that have set forth to prevent global warming are being followed. The people of the world need to take a close look at how they, as an individual, can help. SlowingShow MoreRelatedAssignment 2: Global Warming: Cause and Mitigation1137 Words   |  5 PagesAssignment 2: Global Warming: Cause and Mitigation Introduction to Physical Science xxxxxxxxxxxx December 6, 2015 Strayer University Professor xxxx xxxx One of the most all time debated and controversial topics to date in science is global warming. Over the last few decades climate change have lead scientist to develop a theories that human beings are the major contributors to the global warming crisisRead MoreClimate Change And Urban Environment939 Words   |  4 Pagesconcern on a global scale, as it has had a tremendous impact on urban environment. Oxford dictionary defines climate change as: ‘A change in global or regional climate patterns, [†¦] attributed to the increased levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide produced by the use of fossil fuels.’ (Oxford Dictionary 2015) The increasing amount of green house gases (GHG) released in the atmosphere is causing significant changes in the environment leading to unpredictable weather patterns and warming of the climateRead MoreClimate Change And Urban Areas Essay949 Words   |  4 Pagesbecoming a major concern on a global scale, as it has had a tremendous impact on the urban environment. Climate change is the change in global or regional climate patterns, [†¦] attributed to increased level of atmospheric carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases .’ (The Oxford Dictionary 2015). The increasing amount of greenhouse gases (GHG) released in the atmosphere is causing significant changes in the environment leading to unpredictable weather patterns and warming of the climate system. ThisRead MoreEcotourism And Mitigation Of Carbon Emissions : Transport Solutions1750 Words   |  7 Pages Ecotourism and mitigation in carbon emissions: transport solutions Sara Campana, Tuesday 30 September 2014 In the last decade the increase in carbon emissions has become one of the main problems and their reduction one of the fundamental goals, which the global community shall achieve in the following years. Most of the activities correlated to the tourism demand energy directly in the form of fossil fuels or indirectly in the form of electricity. The consumption of energy raises the emissionRead MoreOcean Iron Fertilization By Oceanographer John Martin1699 Words   |  7 Pagesconsequences of climate change. With the world’s carbon dioxide levels on the rise and the effects of global warming becoming increasingly devastating, it is imperative now more than ever that every mitigation strategy be thoroughly explored. Although ocean iron fertilization may seem like a fairly simple method of sequestering carbon dioxide, there is in fact a plethora of issues linked to this mitigation strategy. The aim of this literature review is to examine and analyze some of the aspects that makeRead MoreHuman And Natural Drivers Of Climate Change1732 Words   |  7 Pagesand their impact themselves on the atmosphere however architect s can help limit many contributing factors. This paper examines the role of this profession, architecture s contribution to climate change mitigation/adaption and how architect s can assist in limiting the threat of global warming thus enforcing sustainability. Architect s provide information to clients and management about design, size, materials and costs associated with new buildings and alterations to existing buildings. TheyRead MoreA Brief Note On The Kingdom Of Bhutan2104 Words   |  9 PagesThis is achieved largely by the constitution requiring by law that 60% of Bhutan’s land must be forest covered for all time (IIED, 2015). Limiting global warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius is ideal for Bhutan due to being a landlocked mountainous developing country (Royal Government of Bhutan, 2015). Being landlocked between two of the largest global economies, China and India, means that we have to bear the consequences of their greenhouse gas emissions (Lam Lim, 2009). Second, being a mountainousRead MoreFlood Risks And Its Effects On Human Beings1491 Words   |  6 PagesStatement This particular paper, has therefore, created a discussion of floods by noting the impact it has on human beings by looking at the possible causes as suggested by scholars and also looking at mitigation strategies. Mitigation strategies include management strategies and the projection methods used in the management of floods as a phenomenon globally. Research Questions Below are questions that form the basis of the findings and analysis in this paper. These findings are necessaryRead MoreAn Average Temperature Increase For Grape Growing1135 Words   |  5 Pagesrate of 3.22 mm per year. Sea level rise is caused primarily by two factors related to global warming - the added water from melting land ice and the expansion of seawater as it warms. Projections suggest that the rate of sea level rise is likely to increase during the 21st century, although there is considerable controversy about the likely size of the increase. According to a study done on impact of global warming on wine industry, a five-meter rise in sea level would inundate some of the planet sRead MoreImpact Of Climate Change On Health Sector3495 Words   |  14 Pagesthat will affect the health care system. Firstly, change in global climate will affect the health of the people, resulting in numerous diseases because of changing pattern of weather. The human activities that is genera ting the change in climate by increasing the greenhouse gases. It is affecting more adversely. Here in this paper it is summarize the affects or impacts of climate change in health care and make some evidence that global warming is affecting health sector. An approaches that is focused

Monday, December 9, 2019

General Internet Skills free essay sample

Knows how to cite any electronic references from information used. Appropriately Communicating with Different Audiences As a student of University of Phoenix, it is important that I learned how to communicate with different audiences. I can do this by using formal communication. It is important that I communicate with the instructors in a formal way. Formal communication is very professional. Students should not speak with instructors as they would their family members and friends. Students should be very respectful when speaking with instructors, being exact and specific, leaving no room for misinterpretation.University of Phoenix and university Library Resources The University of Phoenixs mission is to help students achieve their professional goals, improve the productivity of their organizations, and provide leadership and service to their communities. They strive to do this by providing access to higher education opportunities that enable students to achieve these goals. Since becoming a student at the University of Phoenix, I have taken advantage of the resources offered in the Library. We will write a custom essay sample on General Internet Skills or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I will continue to use the resound:sees throughout my journey at University of Phoenix. The University offers extensive contents and services for research, media library, Center for writing excellence, Center for mathematics excellence, and Phoenix Career Services. The Center for writing excellence offers different tutorials and guides for student improvement, they are very useful. It also offers Written. Written is a review service that is available to students and also faculty. It allows a student to submit a paper and the system automatically reviews it and offers suggestions for improvements. Along with the Written, the Center for writing excellence offers a Plagiarism Checker.It helps the student understand where they are with plagiarism when they are doing an essay. The university Library offers peer reviewed academic journal. Many instructors prefer for students to use research information from the University library. The University of Phoenix offers many other resources that are useful. All Of them are great to use, so I will continue to take advantage Of them all. Upholding Academic Honesty It is important as a student at the University of Phoenix to uphold academic honesty. As a student I will continue to be original when completing assignments.The University Of Phoenix Student Code Of Academic Integrity states that Academic dishonesty threatens the integrity of individual students as well as the universitys academic community. A sign of academic dishonesty is popularizing. I will continue to remain original and use the plagiarism checker. Setting and Achieving Goals As a full time student with a full time job, I had to learn to set short term and long term goals. It is important to set goals because it allows me to get better results. It puts me on the fast track and it also allows me to work smarter.I et goals because I am trying to get a better job to provide better for my family. I have just completed my short term goal, which was to complete the Effective Teaching Training so that can gain experience in teaching in the classroom. Throughout the rest of the time here at University of Phoenix, I will continue to set goals and achieve them. My main goal is to complete school and earn an Associate in Elementary Education. [Pick] Managing Time Wisely I have had a tough time adjusting to the online school environment. I am still learning how to manage my time wisely.I always try to evaluate my schedule and how spend my time. I work a third shift job, so spend most of my time sleeping throughout the day. I have been told that I need to have at least 24 hours a week to study. Although it is hard for me to spend 24 hours because of my job, I do try to do at least 15 hours. I will start to use my time wisely on my days off. I will try to keep my schedule clear so that I can concentrate on my school assignments. I will also prioritize and try to get organized. I will be sure to not try to complete every assignment all at once. Will be sure to work on assignments when I am not tired.I will also be sure hat am in a quiet and comfortable environment. I will be sure to use all Of these tips in my future classes. Fostering reading comprehension and retention In order to read effectively, I must follow the USSR guide. This guide provides the reading and learning strategy that helps me think critically. I will focus on key points in the readings. In order for me to follow along with my readings, I will be sure to highlight important notes. I will make sure that I am in a quiet area so that I can avoid distractions. Choosing the right environment setting to read is important.

Monday, December 2, 2019

The International Arms Trade

Introduction Politics and economics have become interlinked in the recent times to an extent that It has become difficult to identify which between them has more weight especially when put in the perspectives of international trade and relations. How countries interact and inter-relate has ability to influence the trade patterns, decisions and prospect both in domestic and international arena.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on The International Arms Trade specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More One international aspect that has characterized nation’s bilateral trade relations has to do with military arms. Key suppliers of military arms especially from developed nations to developing nations have established trade relations based on military arms in that, all economic aspects and principles are fully in operation and any form of destabilization has the capability of affecting both the domestic and international trade of the involved countries. However, how does the effect of either stability or instability of international arms trade between different countries able to affect the domestic market environment in terms of exchange rates, interest rates, trading volume or composition, exports, imports, travel, government revenue, or impacts on specific industries. At the same time, what is evident is that some countries specifically the chief suppliers have consistently participated in providing assistance to efforts by domestic exporters of arms especially with regard to increasing competition in the international arms market. Therefore, this paper will investigate, analyze, and recommend on the recent threats of China to institute trade embargos on American exports to the country because of America selling military arms to Taiwan. The essence will be to find out how such trade embargos can affect the domestic market, arms industry and even trade volume of the country into China’s mar ket. Political-economic relation of international arms trade International trade of arms increased especially after the Second World War and reached climax in 1982. During the Cold war, numerous efforts by nations saw arms trade go up but the opposite of this was to be experienced in post-Cold War era as decline in arms trade was great. Arms trade decline ebbed in 2002 but starting from 2005-2009, the world again experienced one of the biggest arms trade between the major suppliers and their consumers chiefly in developing countries[1]. International arms trade continues to be dominated by five chief suppliers, who again happen to be the permanent members of Security Council. They include USA, the former Soviet Union, France, United Kingdom, and the Federal Republic of Germany[2].Advertising Looking for term paper on international relations? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Today, USA has become the major and leading arms suppl ier in the world where its trade accounts for almost 30 per cent of all arms trade in the world, followed by Russia at 23 per cent, Germany 11 per cent, France 8 per cent and United Kingdom at 4 per cent which when totaled comes to 76per cent of all world’s arms trade[3]. Developing a political-economic model of USA bilateral trade, Rebecca in 1989 noted that there exists an interrelationship between politics and economics and that numerous factors exist, which affect the bilateral trade flows between countries[4]. According to the author, the profound interrelationship between politics and economics was widely evident in international relations where it was clear that some countries adopt certain and specific international strategic and diplomatic interest which in turn had the capacity to affect their international economic policy. For instance, when a country initiates certain sanctions, this aspect of international politics has the ability to affect international trade po licy[5]. In accordance to this, one question postulated by Frey in 1984 continue to perplex if not to guide the international economists, the author noted then that, â€Å"are international political considerations transient and random in nature whereby they are able to affect international economics and can they be ignored when compared to long-run market factors?†[6]. USA as the biggest world’s arms supplier By the year 2009, USA total arms trade was estimated to be $166.278 for both the developing and industrialized markets and when compared with other key suppliers, USA was seen to account for almost 40per cent[7]. The developing countries remain to be one of the best arms market for USA and even with the pangs of recession countries such as China, Saudi Arabia, Middle East and India have remained as the biggest consumers of arms from USA[8]. In terms of arms that are sold by USA to its partners, different items are transacted such as â€Å"tanks and self-propelle d guns, artillery, armored personnel carriers and armored cars, major surface combatants, minor surface combatants, submarines, guided missile patrol boats, supersonic combat aircraft, subsonic combat aircraft, other aircraft, helicopters, surface-to-surface missiles, and anti-ship missiles†[9]. When analysis of trade reports from arms is made, it becomes clear that the five chief suppliers of arms accrue more income from the arms sales to developing or third world countries than they are able to give in aid[10].Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on The International Arms Trade specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More For a long time, the arms industry unlike other convectional industries has operated without regulation making a lucrative business for the chief suppliers. Since the domestic market has less demand for the manufactured arms there are always constant efforts of searching for new markets elsewhere as more arms corporations and contractors become more involved in order to stay relevant in the industry. Further, these arms corporation are always involved in seeking government subsidies in order to make their trade more profitable. Such a case can be cited from USA and other European corporations, which in the recent past have been awarded enormous tax breaks by their respective countries, and of interest is the fact that they even lend money to developing countries in order for the countries to purchase arms from them hence leading to subsidies of arms sales[11]. According to Holtom and Bromley, USA since 2001 has accelerated its foreign military aid specifically to its allies in regions perceived to be of great tension and conflict. And as a gesture to continue with Bush’s administration policy on international arms trade, Obama’s administration has in the recent time increased its foreign military financing to its key Middle East ally, Israel which has been estimat ed to reach $3 billion by the year 2012[12]. Graph showing USA’s arms and equipment sales from 1996 to 2006[13] Source: Washington Office on Latin America 2009. The role of arms trade in mainstream economy Nations that have been involved in arms trade cite different reasons for their activities. Although many have cited increasing security instability as the motive issue, what is evident is that most of these trades are being motivated by economic factors. For instance, supplier countries have continued to experience economic growth as a result of arms trade. Sale of arms generates revenue and in some instances offset the cost of imports to rectify the trade imbalances being experienced of a particular country. Furthermore, arms trade involves private investors who largely are motivated by profit both in national and international business deals[14]. Sale of arms to foreign markets has also been motivated by the fact that such sales are able to support producers especially w hen their domestic market reduces.Advertising Looking for term paper on international relations? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More More so, the sale of arms involves employees normally located and based at the prime defense contractors together with laborers at second and third-tier contractors who assume the role of supplying the major contractors with vital sub-components[15]. Especially in USA, elected representatives from some of the communities that benefit from arms sales and transacting activities have been at forefront in supporting and pushing for foreign arms sales in order for their constituencies or regions to continue benefiting. In terms of providing connectivity, international arms trade has promoted this kind of relationship between the seller and buyer providing a chance for inter-operability that benefits other businesses between the two countries[16]. Lastly, international arms trade makes it possible for production lines to remain open and operating even in circumstances of decline in domestic market. USA’s Value of arms exported between 1992 and 2000[17] Source: THE U.S. DEFENSE IND USTRY AND ARMS SALES. (http://www.stanford.edu/class/e297a/U.S.%20Defense%20Industry%20and%20Arms%20Sales.htm). USA historical economic role of international arms trade USA as its history has maintained and pursued its security assistance program that has been critical in promoting USA’s foreign policy and national security interests[18]. During the Cold War, USA arms industry realized tremendous growth as anticipation of potential war loomed. However, with the end of Cold War USA military experienced a major downsizing until 1991 when Gulf War presented another opportunity for the military arms industry to flourish. Again, history was to repeat itself after the conclusion of Gulf War with subsequent downsizing taking place, this round at an alarming rate of 25 per cent rate[19]. The reduction also caused ripples among the defense contractors and other government officials as contractors profits reduced due to fallen government procurements. Faced with no reduced procurements from the government and little investment in the industry, military arms investors were faced with only two options: to seek new markets or close down their facilities. The later case proved to be a lethal decision to security of the country especially in long-term due to its associative negative impacts. Therefore, a succinct question asked is, how has the USA economy been linked to arms trade especially in foreign countries? Christopher Akins notes that in the absence of defense exports, the USA leadership in the international aerospace industry would be seriously compromised[20]. The author observes the importance of the aerospace exports to USA economy which he ascertain that during 1997 it accounted for almost $50 billion and which in turn contributed to reduction of USA trade deficit by 18 per cent[21]. Accordingly, if the aerospace exports were absent, then the country would have realized a deficit accumulation of about $214 billion in the year 1997[22]. Hence, according to the author, UISA cannot afford or accept foreign competition to usurp its leading role in the aerospace industry since aerospace companies offered competitive edge in the global industry for USA[23]. During the 1996, RAND National Defense Research Institute carried out a research, which indicated that foreign military sales (FMS) created 300,000 jobs in the whole of USA, and 67 per cent of these jobs were as a result of direct involvement in international arms trade while 37 per cent accounted for indirect jobs[24]. Although the layoffs in such industry would pose insignificant effect to the overall national economy, the evidence and facts are that such layoffs would have significant impact on the local economy that heavily depends on defense industry. The consequences of closing down critical defense production lines, research has sworn that it adversely affects the local economy in many ways. For instances studies shows that layoffs generally remain unemployed for a relative longe r period as compared to workers in other production lines[25]. Such high unemployment rates in turn results into stagnation of the local economy. Further, when a major defense production line shuts down, multiplier effect comes into force, as dependent industries become affected[26]. When workers are laid off, they reduce their consumption of goods and services or relocate to other areas thereby affecting industries within the area of the closed military line. Current event involving international arms trade: USA sale of arms to Taiwan angers China prompting it to ‘threatens’ trade sanctions against USA firms. On 30 January 2010, USA and China engaged in one fierce politico-economy quarry after USA made it reality its earlier intention to sell arms to Taiwan[27]. Writing about the relationship between the two countries, Emmanuel, observed that, †USA and China squabbles are legion: unbalanced trade; the renminbi’s value; the internet; human rights; Tibet; fr eedom of speech; the environment; global warming; and coddling of despotic regimes†[28]. China has regarded its relation with Taiwan an ‘internal issue’ that does not need external involvement. Therefore when the news came in about USA sale of arms to Taiwan China immediately announced that it would henceforth postpone and suspend the current bilateral military programs and even security talks with USA[29]. As to further detail, its punishment measures China also indicated that it would punish ‘certain’ USA companies as a direct response to the actions by the American government to sell sophisticated and advanced weapons to Taiwan. The punishment for the USA industries was to involve imposition of sanctions on the identified companies as a result of, â€Å"incurred severe damage to USA-China Relations†[30]. China went ahead to claim that USA’s decision, â€Å"constitutes a gross intervention into China’s internal affairs, serious ly endangers China’s national security and also harms China’s peaceful reunifications efforts†[31]. China noted that USA was still ambitious to promote and implement Bush’s policy of arms sales to Taiwan while at the same time fostering trade protectionism measures against China. One company to suffer the China’s wrath and furry was Boeing which alongside United Technologies, Lockheed Martin together with Martin was identified to have participated in the sale of military weapons to Taiwan[32]. The company is an aerospace company that operates from its base in Chicago and as a result of China threats of trade sanctions; it became inevitable that Boeing would incur massive loss[33]. Boeing continues to be the major exporter into China’s market supplying almost half of the airline system equipment in China. Analysis: what likely impacts can result from China’s threat? Professor Wu Xinbo was one scholar who captures the UA-China political- cum-economic melee when he observed that this time round China could live up to its threat since it was the government issuing the statement[34]. First, Xinbo observed that Boeing Company apart from selling weapons to Taiwan had massive commercial interests in the China’s market which if sabotaged would have adverse effects both to the company and to the government of China[35]. By sanctioning the company, China would be risking its efforts to recover from the pangs of global recession and that it would be putting its ten of thousands citizens employed by Boeing at economic risk[36]. Since most Chinese market have discriminated USA companies from operating in the domestic market, may be Boeing with success story in China’s market could act as a politico—economy retaliatory ground for China to ‘punish’ USA, but again China would have to weigh the impacts of such actions on its overall economy. Analyzing the same sale of weapons to Taiwan, Canrong and Chunling, observe that USA apart from pursuing its foreign policy and spicing up its regular frost relationship with Beijing, USA would seem to have been motivated by economic reasons the pact brought. The author notes that, â€Å"the larger order provided by Taiwan is attractive to the United States in the context of the global financial crisis†[37]. However, even with this argument the author is at the same time able to dispute such motivation claiming that compared to China, Taiwan constitute a negligent market, which cannot arouse any international desire by a country such as USA[38]. The effect of decline of USA foreign military sales on domestic economy Threats by China to sanctions USA Company would in effect have adverse effects on the domestic economy as far as foreign military trade is concerned. First, USA FMS program affect and impact heavily on USA domestic economy and this is evident in production, employment, price and so on. FMS in essence represent demand by foreign countries for products produced in the USA and for services supplied by US companies[39] and therefore the program represent a component of the total USA exports of goods and services. When demands for gods and services increase companies involved in producing the products or services will respond by increasing their output and as usual, this will require additional workers. Further, the companies will need to increase the need for raw materials from the suppliers and again the suppliers respond by increasing the output[40]. The numerous increases will move through the economy resulting into various kinds of ‘multiplier’ effects on employment, personal income, corporate profits and many more[41]. In addition to these other things to be witnessed include: an associated changes in international financial flows with effects being experienced in the balance of payments and exchange rates where as the country’s export continue to go up, the balance of payment s (BOP) surplus increases[42]. When the exchange rate become subjected to adjustment forces, the dollar respond by appreciating and hence BOP surplus will decrease[43]. The ‘financial’ effects will in mean time be modified in many ways as the income multiplier start to work, for instance, as increases in USA demand for imports goes up, the domestic interest rate will rise, and this will attract inflow of capital from foreign companies. However, when the opposite of these happens, the repercussion and behavior of the multipliers will exactly work opposite[44]. Conclusion Foreign military sales have both positive and negative impacts on the global front. Positive in that, the supplier countries benefit economically while the recipient nations’ peace and stability become doubtful. USA relationship with China has been characterized as ‘ally-foe’ type with their battlegrounds being largely experienced in trade and diplomacy. As diplomacy may serve the pol itical ends, trade sanctions usually act to ‘bilaterally suffocate’ the other partner manageable disciplined actions. Trade sanctions by China on one of the USA Company involved in military sales would in great measure results into negative impacts on the domestic market, since FMS remains some of the key exports of USA. Therefore there role on the domestic economy is immense. Therefore, despite the misunderstanding between USA and China over FMS to Taiwan, the fact remain that when conducted responsibly FMS has the ability to serve the interest of United States in the best and economic way. 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Lubin, Gus Associated Press, â€Å"Can China carry out threat of sanctions?† (Online Article by World Business, 2 January 2010) 1 http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/35185661. Associated Press Associated Press Canrong, Jin and Chunling, Dong, â€Å"Tension on the Rise from Arms Sales† (China’s National English News Weekly, 2010) 1 http://www.bjreview.com.cn/world/txt/2010-01/29/content_243430.htm Canrong, Jin and Chunling, Dong Congress of the United States, â€Å"The effect of foreign military sales on the USA economy†. 1976. 7 http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?AD=ADA528583Location=U2doc=GetTRDoc.pdf Congress of the United States Congress of the United States Congress of the United States Congress of the United States Congress of the United States This term paper on The International Arms Trade was written and submitted by user Juan V. to help you with your own studies. 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